Ganoderma lucidum is a wooddegrading basidiomycete with numerous pharmacological effects. We report the isolation and identification of the 26oxygenosterols ganoderol a, ganoderol b, ganoderal a, and ganoderic acid y and their biological effects on cholesterol synthesis in a human hepatic cell line. The mushroom is particularly notable for its shiny, almost varnishedlooking surface, which belies an inner texture that is often described as tough or woody. Reishi mushroom ganoderma lucidum fruiting body cultivated photograph courtesy of north american reishi, gibons, british columbia, canada isbn. The same author presents a summary of the research findings regarding the use and dosage of this mushroom for improving several ailments. Ganoderma species are distributed worldwide pilotti 2005 and the fruiting bodies of ganoderma grow from living, or more commonly, from dead trunks or branches of trees. Methods this study was approved by an institutional ethical committee before starting ec 2420. Compilation of studies on lingzhi ganoderma lucidum. Ganoderma lucidum, seems to be one of the oldest medicinal herbs known to man. Jun 30, 2009 ganoderma applanatum is one of the most popular medicinal mushrooms due to the various biologically active components it produces. Reishi ganoderma lucidum is one of the primary herbs of choice in any immune deficiency disease. Oxidative stress has been linked with the pathogenesis of many human diseases including cancer, aging, and atherosclerosis. The lingzi mushroom is able to reduce immune system activity when the system is overstimulated, and bolster the immune system when it is weakened.
Ganoderma lucidum is a large, woody and tough mushroom used for various herbal remedies. Due to the increasing consumption pattern, it has been cultivated and marketed intensively since the 1970s. Ganoderma lucidum lingzhi or reishi herbal medicine ncbi. Commonly known as reishi mushroom, ganoderma lucidum is a purplebrown fungus with a long, thin stalk, spores that are brown in color and a shiny cap shaped like a fan. Genetic diversity and demographic history of ganoderma. The aim of the present study was to analyze the antioxidant contents and evaluate the antioxidant potential of ganoderma lucidum. The mushroom is particularly notable for its shiny, almost varnishedlooking surface, which belies an inner texture that is often described as. Provide the best quality and the cheapest of ganoderma and ganoderma lucidum reishi,lingzhi, ganoderma spore oi,ganoderma spore powder from ganoderma town in china. Table 1 satisfaction scores of the volunteers after orally taken the placebo or g.
Pdf ganoderma lucidum from tradition to modern medicine. Ganoderma lucidum helps the organisms in the body return to a. This study was conducted to obtain basic information regarding the mycelial culture conditions of ganoderma applanatum. Today, the family of organo products is large, befitting the fact that its sold in over 50 countries on five continents. The name ganoderma is derived from the greek ganos brightness, sheen, hence shining and derma skin. Lucidum is a type of mushroom believed to extend life and promote health. While ganoderma lucidum is indigenous to north america, japan and china, it is produced in a number of other asian countries. Taxonomic evaluation of selected ganoderma species and.
Researcher from china, japan, korea and united states have also formed an international ganoderma research association, bringing its research to global platform. Transcription analysis of ganoderma lucidum reveals. Ganoderma lucidum is a medicinal fungus belonging to the polyporaceae family which has long been known in japan as reishi and has been used extensively in traditional chinese medicine. This is a brief overview of the history of ganoderma and where it grows. Its redvarnished, kidneyshaped cap and peripherally inserted stem gives it a distinct fan like appearance. Ganoderma lucidum contains 800 2,000 ppm of organic germanium, which is 45 times more than ginseng. Ganoderma lucidum is a widely used medicinal macrofungus in traditional chinese medicine that creates a diverse set of bioactive compounds. Ganoderma lucidum an overview sciencedirect topics.
Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. From 2000 years of ganoderma lucidum to recent developments. With this, ganoderma lucidum herb obviously help to slow down your aging process. Previously, this taxon was characterized as boletus lucidus curtis 1781 and then polyporus lucidus. Ganoderma lucidum supplement health benefits, dosage.
Postulated health benefits of lingzhi ganoderma lucidum. These are produced from different parts of the mushroom, including mycelia, spores, and fruit body. Wasser institute of evolution, university of haifa, mount carmel, haifa, israel introduction ganoderma lucidum reishi mushroom, ling zhi has been an economically important species, particularly in the far east countries china, japan, korea, etc. Ganoderma lucidum extracts may be therapeutic strategy for huntingtons disease. Traditionally, it was used in china by taoist monks to. Ganoderma lucidum, reishi, lacquered bracket fungus. In addition, the observed anticancer activities of ganoderma have prompted its usage by cancer patients alongside chemotherapy. History of ganoderma taxonomy traditional chinese books classified ganoderma into six species with reference to the colour of the fruit body. History of ganoderma reishi in traditional chinese medicine ganoderma lucidum commonly known as reishi mushroom is a fungus that is mainly found in the tree stumps and logs all throughout asia.
Numerous legends surrounding reishi mushroom provide an historical record which spans 2000 years. The lingzhi mushroom is a polypore fungus bracket fungus belonging to the genus ganoderma. While some recent studies argued that the east asia samples of g. One such mushroom is ganoderma lucidum, commonly known as lingzhi, a species revered as a medicinal mushroom for treating assorted diseases and prolonging life. Ganoderma lucidum reishi is infused in all organo gold products. There was not found abnormality induced by ganoderma lucidum capsule in all results, and the pathological figures of major organs were normal. Ganoderma lucidum, ganodermataceae an oriental fungus, has a long history of use for promoting health and longevity in china, japan, malasiya, japan and other asian countries. It has been an economically important species, particularly in the far east countries china, japan, korea, etc. But the extract of it has numerous therapeutic properties that are used to treat various diseases such as diabetes, infections, altitude sickness.
Ganoderma lucidum is also related to ganoderma tsugae and ganoderma sichuanense. Reishi ganoderma lucidum is pharmacologically as well as commercially the most important medicinal mushroom in the world with current global trade of about 2 billion dollers. In this episode were diving into the science, history, and mysticism behind ganoderma lucidum, otherwise known as reishi, lingzhi, the king of herbs, the plant of longevity, the mushroom of. Ganodermataceae distribution taxonomic history etymology identification culinary notes reference sources. In general, ganoderma lucidum increases the amount of active immune system cells.
Preliminary study of the applications of ganoderma lucidum in. Genome sequence of the model medicinal mushroom ganoderma. This page was last edited on 2 january 2019, at 02. It was recently pointed out to the authors that the asian ganoderma species, ganoderma sichuanense, is misnamed in the article, and the correct name of this asian ganoderma species is ganoderma lingzhi. Ganoderma lucidum is the type species of the ganoderma genus. According to the survey the annals of history, references to. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Ganoderma lucidum is a white rot fungus widely used as a tonic for the promotion of longevity and health. Ganoderma lucidum and its pharmaceutically active compounds. Ganoderma lucidum is commonly known as wooddecaying fungus. The reishi mushroom, otherwise known by its chinese nomenclature lingzhi or its binomial classification ganoderma lucidum, refers to a species of fungus that falls under the fungal genus ganoderma. Ganoderma is a significant source of natural fungal medicines and has been used for the treatment of various diseases for many years. Mar 23, 2017 ganoderma lucidum has a high content polysaccharides and more than triterpenes, the latter are highly concentrated in the spores. Kalaimagal school of chemical and biotechnology, sastra university, thanjavur6 402, tamil nadu, india.
It means the spiritual herb that energizes the chi or life force. Known as auxin which regulate the plant growth, indoleacetic acid iaa was also found to be synthesized in basidiomycetes ganoderma lucidum in our pr. Despite a long history of usage in traditional medicine and current studies. Ganoderma lucidum history and uses ganoderma is the typical name for a type of fungus. The genus ganoderma was established as a genus in 1881 by karsten and included only one species, g. Field conditions and the developmental stage of ganoderma basidiomata can also influence the descriptions for species identification 21. The fungus is found in diverse locations, and this may have contributed to confusion regarding the correct taxonomic classification of the genus ganoderma. Ganoderma lucidum history and uses lost empire herbs. Ganoderma lucidum, otherwise called red mushroom, reishi or lingzhi. In this study, we have analyzed 2,398 englishlanguage papers and 6,968 chineselanguage papers published between 1987 and 2017 by using bibliometrics. Ganoderma lucidum supplement health benefits, dosage, side. Chinese scientists began investigating the chemical makeup and medicinal effects of ganoderma lucidum in 1950s.
Ganoderma lucidum in chronic fatigue syndrome 266 figure 3 average serum cortisol levels of cfs volunteers receiving daily placebo and g. Ganoderma lucidum this is the most notable ganoderma species. However, the use of ganoderma in cancer immunotherapy is poorly elucidated. How ganoderma lucidum improves your health ganoderma. In vitro antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of a. Ganoderma lucidum ganoderma lucidum, an oriental fungus has a long history of use for promoting health and longevity in china, japan, and other asian countries.
Ganoderma lucidum is a medicinal mushroom used in tcm for the prevention or treatment of a variety of diseases including a number of forms of cancer. Pharmacologically, a number of the watersoluble polysaccharides have demonstrated antitumour and immunostimulating activities. Ganoderma species are notoriously difficult to identify with confidence because of their variability, and ganoderma lucidum is no exception. It is used in many types of conventional asian medicine because it is believed that it has great healing properties. Roy upton, in botanical medicine for womens health, 2010. Distinguishing commercially grown ganoderma lucidum from ganoderma lingzhi from europe and east asia on the basis of morphology, molecular phylogeny, and triterpenic acid profiles june 19, 2019 admin although it is common practice to apply the originally european name ganoderma lucidum to all commerical reishi products. Home scientific and clinical studies on reishi ganoderma lucidum. Ganoderma lucidum is a wellknown medicinal mushroom. Evaluation on quality consistency of ganoderma lucidum. Ganoderma lucidum reishi mushroom, lingzhi is rich in polysaccharides, triterpenoids, polypeptides and trace elements that are readily absorbed by the body. For over 2000 years, the chinese have given ganoderma, or what they call lingzhi, the highest ranking in traditional medical theory.
Photograph your local culture, help wikipedia and win. All of the participated volunteers were patients who were diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome by physicians. Pdf ganoderma lucidum has a long tradition of use in folk. Another early milestone in ganoderma lucidum s history is the book herbal pharmacopeia. It is a large, dark mushroom with a glossy exterior and a woody texture.
One of chinese medicines founding fathers, shen nong, categorized 365 botanical, zoological and mineral organisms as superior, average or fair medications. The latin word lucidus means shiny or brilliant and refers to the varnished appearance of the surface of the mushroom. Sekishi is red, shishi violet like, kokushi black, oushi yellow, hakushi white and seishi blue and assigned based on different triterpenoid patterns szedlay 2002. The present study investigates the antioxidant activities of peptides isolated from the medicinal mushroom, ganoderma lucidum. Ganoderma lucidum extract has a counteracting effect on ageing and significantly prolongs the lifespan of the laboratory nematode caenorhabditis elegans. Among the many biologically active constituents of g. Ganoderma lucidum, commonly referred to as lingzhi, has been used in asia for health promotion for centuries. More commonly known as reishi or lingzhi, this mushroom may have beneficial effects on the immune system, cardiovascular system and prostate gland. There is no toxicity of ganoderma lucidum capsule given to rats for long term, indicating that it is.
History of ganoderma lucidum as medication, ganoderma lucidum appears to be some of the oldest medicinal herbs that can be bought. On official journal of the balkan union of oncology 214. They supported their findings with clinical studies. Based on the colony diameter and mycelial density, pda, yma and mcm media were suitable for the. Ganoderma, a genus of more than 300 species of wooddecaying fungi in the family ganodermataceae order polyporales. When the company first launched, though, it was pitched as a coffee product that used ancient chinese herbal medicine ganoderma lucidum, from the reishi mushroom with organic coffee to facilitate better health.
Antidiabetic effects of ganoderma lucidum sciencedirect. Culture conditions for the mycelial growth of ganoderma. Chapter 9 ganoderma lucidum lingzhi or reishi a medicinal mushroom sissi wachtelgalor, john yuen, john a. A potent medicinal mushroom with numerous health bene ts pharmaceut anal acta. The specific epithet lucidum means shining, which seems almost superfluous because the genus name ganoderma comes from the greek words ganos and derma and translates to shining skin. Whenever we survey the annals of history, references to ganoderma lucidum in the classical chinese texts get back to the era leading to a birth of christ. From 2000years of ganoderma lucidum to recent developments in. Effect of 26oxygenosterols from ganoderma lucidum and. The ganoderma lucidum mushroom also known as reishi in japan and lingzhi in china helps the body adapt to many types of body stresses such as trauma, sleep deprivation, temperature, exposure to toxins, psychological stress, infection, or radiation. Jun, 2012 ganoderma lucidum reishi is infused in all organo gold products. Current status of global ganoderma cultivation, products. The genus ganoderma was established by karsten 1881 with ganoderma lucidum curtis p.
The standard dose of ganoderma lucidum depends on the form of the supplement a general ganoderma lucidum extract does not separate the triterpenoids and the polysaccharides present in the mushroom, which make up the ethanolic and watersoluble extracts, respectively. Oct 03, 2018 ganoderma lucidum has a variety of mechanisms, but they are focused on moderating the immune system. Ganoderma are widely distributed, shelflike or knoblike fungi that feed either as saprobes on dead wood or as parasites on the live wood of hardwood trees, conifers, or palms. Americanherbal pharmacopoeia medicina biomolecular. Ganoderma lucidum is a highly praised medicinal mushroom having high demand worldwide. Novel antioxidant peptides from fermented mushroom ganoderma.
Since the mushroom is very rare in nature, artificial cultivation of fruiting bodies has been known on wood logs and on sawdust in plastic bags or bottles. It has been depicted throughout chinese culture in paintings, statues, silk tapestries and on the robes of emperors. Aug 11, 2016 this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ganoderma lucidum for the treatment of hyperglycaemia and other cardiovascular risk components of metabolic syndrome using a prospective. When fresh, the lingzhi is soft, corklike, and flat. Scientific and clinical studies on reishi ganoderma lucidum extract from the united kingdom cancer research institute ganoderma lucidum a. Preliminary study of the applications of ganoderma lucidum. According to the survey the annals of history, references to ganoderma lucidum in the classical chinese texts go.
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